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APA

How to Cite

Citing Secondary Sources

Material that is cited in another source is a secondary source.

The best practice is to always search for the original (primary) source, read it, and then cite it.

 

If you are unable to access the primary source, then you can follow these guidelines (pg. 258 APA Manual):

In-text citation

  • With a parenthetical citation: Long and Short (Long & Short, 2000, as cited in Viola and Green, 2011, pg. 234).
  • With narrative citationblah blah blah (Long & Short, 2000, as cited in Viola and Green, 2011, pg. 234).

You will need to download the PDF of the article to provide accurate pagination.

References

  • You will only cite Viola and Green because you did not use Long and Short.

 

In-Text Citation

In-Text Citation

In-text citations begin on page 260 of the APA Manual.

 

In APA you will need to record the sources you use in two ways

  • A citation refers to the source you used. It lists only the author, date, and (if quoting) the page number
  • A reference is found at the end of the paper and includes detailed information about the source you used. All of the citations must be reported in the references

When you write in-text citations you will use two formats:

  • When Paraphrasing/Summarizing : (Last name, date). Ex.: (Scott, 2018)
  • When Quoting: (Last name, date, p. #). Ex.: (Scott, 2018, p. 14)

IMPORTANT: Depending on how you introduce the quote, the author and date can go before OR after the quote. BUT the page number is always immediately after the closed quotation.

Ex.: Scott (2018), remarked that “development is ambiguous” (p. 34)

Ex.: As it has been noted, the “development is ambiguous” (Scott, 2018, p. 34)